Evolution of 5G technology and its need for future generations
In the last few decades, there have been vast advancements in Wireless technology. There are lots of innovations made in improving mobile wireless communication. These innovations consists of the number of generations involved and still continuing. The mobile Wireless Generation (G) generally refers to change in the nature of the system, speed, frequency spectrum, data capacity, improving in degrading latency. Each generation has some standards, different capacities, new techniques and new features that differentiate it from the previous one.
The figure shows that it is estimated that by the end of 2020, 5G technology should be implemented in many parts of the world with the better speed in mobile data rates, lower latency and an increase in battery life. The figure shows that it is estimated that by the end of 2020, 5G technology should be implemented in many parts of the world with the better speed in mobile data rates, lower latency and an increase in battery life.
The journey of mobile Wireless communication began from the late '90s with 1G technology followed by 2G, 2.5G, 2.7G, 3G, 4G (currently we are using) and 5G is in the research process going to be evolved in next coming years.
What is 5G?
5G refers to the fifth generation which was started from late 2010 and it is the name given to the next generation mobile connectivity with high-speed data rate. The main focus of 5G will be on World-Wireless World Wide Web (WWWW). It succeeds the 4G (LTE/WiMax), 3G (UMTS) and 2G (GSM) systems.
These comprise packet-switched wireless systems using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with wide area coverage, high throughput at millimeter waves (10 mm to 1 mm) covering a frequency range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz, and enabling a 20 Mbps data rate to distances up to 2 km.
The first phase of 5G specifications in Release-15 will be completed by March 2019 to accommodate the early commercial deployment. The second phase in Release-16 is estimated to be completed by March 2020 for submission to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as a candidate of IMT-2020 technology.
Development of 5G is being led by the companies such as "Huawei", "intel", "Qualcomm" for modem technology and "Nokia", "ZTE", "Ericcson", "Cisco" and "Samsung" for infrastructure development.
Ericsson believes that by 2024 there will be over 1.5 billion of us connected to 5G but Europe is expected to lag behind the rollout in North America and the Far East.
The figure shows that it is estimated that by the end of 2020, 5G technology should be implemented in many parts of the world with the better speed in mobile data rates, lower latency and an increase in battery life. The figure shows that it is estimated that by the end of 2020, 5G technology should be implemented in many parts of the world with the better speed in mobile data rates, lower latency and an increase in battery life.
Top countries that are going to launch 5G first are:
1. South Korea,
2. China,
3. Japan and
4. The United States.
Why do we need 5G?
One of the main benefits of 5G over 4G is not only its Speed but also reduces its latency. The latency rate in 5g is almost <1ms that will open the door for VR and AR in real-time. Nowadays, 4G is having a latency rate of 40ms-60ms which is not always able to provide real-time response.
It helps in better functionality for the users. By 2020 each person in the UK will own 27 internet-connected devices. There will be 50 billion connected devices worldwide - many on what some people call the Internet of Things (IoT). Essentially the "IoT" is about previously unconnected devices -like microwaves, thermostats and smoke alarms - becoming connected. This technology can also be used for remote surgery and smart car (car to car) communication.
Features of 5G technology:
1. 5G technology offers a high resolution for crazy cell phone user and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping.
2. 5G technology will be also providing subscriber supervision tools for fast action.
3. 5G technology will be providing large broadcasting of data in "Gigabit" which supports almost 65,000 connections.
4. The traffic statistics by 5G technology, make its performance more accurate.
5. Through remote management offered by 5G technology, a user can get a better and fast solution.
6. The remote diagnostics is also a great feature of 5G technology.
7. The 5G technology will be providing up to 25 Mbps connectivity speeds.
8. It will be globally accessible and also support virtual private networks.
9. The new 5G technology will take all delivery services out of the business prospects.
10. The uploading and downloading speed of 5G technology will drastically be increased when compared to 4G.
11. The 5G technology network offers enhanced and faster connectivity to the world.
12. Its network capacity is 10,000 times greater than our current network and produces a data rate of 10 Gbps.
Advantages:
1. High resolution and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping.
2. Technology to gather all networks on one platform.
3. More effective and efficient.
4. Technology to facilitate subscriber supervision tools for quick action.
5. Most likely, it will provide huge broadcasting data (in Gigabit), which will support more than 60,000 connections. So, traffic inconvenience gets reduced.
6. Easily manageable with the previous generations.
7. Technological sound to support heterogeneous services (including private networks).
8. Possible to provide uniform, uninterrupted, and consistent connectivity across the world.
Advantages:
1. High resolution and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping.
2. Technology to gather all networks on one platform.
3. More effective and efficient.
4. Technology to facilitate subscriber supervision tools for quick action.
5. Most likely, it will provide huge broadcasting data (in Gigabit), which will support more than 60,000 connections. So, traffic inconvenience gets reduced.
6. Easily manageable with the previous generations.
7. Technological sound to support heterogeneous services (including private networks).
8. Possible to provide uniform, uninterrupted, and consistent connectivity across the world.
Disadvantages:
1. Many of the old devices would not be compatible with 5G. Hence, all of them need to be replaced with new ones.
2. Developing infrastructure needs a high cost.
3. Security and privacy issues yet to be solved.
4. Technology is still under process and research on its viability is going on.
Applications:
1. Smart homes: Smart home concept will utilize 5G networks for device connectivity and monitoring of applications.
2. Automatic driven cars: Cars can communicate with traffic signs and other vehicles on road. To avoid collision, every millisecond is important for automatic driven cars.
3. Operating Drones: 5G supports high network connectivity, so that it is used for multiple applications like capturing audio & videos, military purpose and for security purpose.
4. Smart farming: 5G technology will be used for agriculture and smart farming. Using GPS technology, farmers can track location of livestock.
5. Smart city: Application like traffic management, weather update, energy management, smart power grid, smart lighting of street, water resource management can use reliable 5G wireless network.
6. Logistic and shipping industry can make use of smart 5G technology for goods tracking, staff scheduling and reporting.
1. Many of the old devices would not be compatible with 5G. Hence, all of them need to be replaced with new ones.
2. Developing infrastructure needs a high cost.
3. Security and privacy issues yet to be solved.
4. Technology is still under process and research on its viability is going on.
Applications:
1. Smart homes: Smart home concept will utilize 5G networks for device connectivity and monitoring of applications.
2. Automatic driven cars: Cars can communicate with traffic signs and other vehicles on road. To avoid collision, every millisecond is important for automatic driven cars.
3. Operating Drones: 5G supports high network connectivity, so that it is used for multiple applications like capturing audio & videos, military purpose and for security purpose.
4. Smart farming: 5G technology will be used for agriculture and smart farming. Using GPS technology, farmers can track location of livestock.
5. Smart city: Application like traffic management, weather update, energy management, smart power grid, smart lighting of street, water resource management can use reliable 5G wireless network.
6. Logistic and shipping industry can make use of smart 5G technology for goods tracking, staff scheduling and reporting.
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